Badlands National Park
Page 5
Carone (our daughter) received a music scholarship to the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor.  As she had her own car, we decided to accompany her on the long drive from the West Coast.  We left California on a Saturday, and needed to have her there by Monday afternoon for check-in.  Needless to say, we covered a lot of miles each day.  Afterwards, Dave and took some vacation time and decided to travel back to California via a northern route, stopping as we saw fit.  We drove over 6500 miles in just under two weeks.  Presented here are photos from the trip--any image can be seen in more detail simply by clicking on it.
There's a trail around the base of the tower.  Rock debris which has tumbled off the tower rings the monument.
 
Base of tower
Climbers
  Some climbers were visible just starting up the tower.  They gave an idea of just how large the tower is.  Since it is almost vertical, it must be a scary climb!
This beautiful thistle was visible on the trail.
 
Thistle flower
Little Bighorn
  Our next stop was at Little Bighorn National Battlefield Monument in Montana, after lunch at what may have been the dirtiest restaurant I have ever seen (in Gillette, WY).  The tombstones mark where each soldier fell.  Weather had cleared greatly from earlier in the day.
Prominently seen within the fenced area is the site where General Custer fell ("Custer's Last Stand").  People in the fenced area were last to go.
 
Custer Stone
Battlefield memorial
  The large obelisk actually marks the mass grave of all but the officers of the massacre.  Their bodies were removed to various military cemeteries not long after the battle.
A long view of the battlefield shows that it is still a lonesome location today.  Note the scattered markers indicating where soldiers at the extremities fell.
 
Battlefield
Butte Street Scene
  We drove on to Butte and spent the night.  Butte surprised us with its beautiful, historic buildings.  It might be the last decent example of an original western city.  We spent part of the next morning exploring the town.
Butte is famous for the copper mines that surround and even invade the city.  Pictured here are some mineworks that are surrounded by buildings and houses.
 
Mine Works
Prison Gates
  As we headed out of the city, we saw signs for the old Montana State Prison museum and decided to stop.  The prison closed in 1979.  The gates and walls are formidable.
Here is the main prison building, which was built by inmates out of hand-made brick at the turn of the 20th Century.

Main Prison Building
Main Cellblock

Inside the cellblock were three floors of cells.  One could imagine what is was like when the prison was in use.
At one end of the prison yard is an auditorium where movies and other entertainment were shown, until an inmate torched the place.  The shell remains, and inside that is the original gallows built for executing condemned inmates.  It was last used in the 1920s.

Gallows
Anaconda Mine Smelter Stack

We had noticed a huge smokestack miles away and decided to investigate what it was.  It is the only remaining structure from the huge Anaconda Copper Mine--this was the stack for the smelter.  Over 500 feet high, it is the largest free-standing brick structure ever built.
We also saw a massive pile of what at first appeared to be coal, as it was so black.  It is actually slag from the smelter.  It's so large we called it Slag Mountain.  Apparently parts of the mine are now some of the largest Superfund sites in the country.

Mountain of slag
Hotel Metlen

We drove to Dillon and stopped for lunch.  While walking around the town, we spied this hotel, which we later learned was built in 1897 for railroad travelers.
We spent the night in Idaho Falls, and the next morning drove to the Idaho National Laboratory, the nation's nuclear energy testing site.  The country is very open--you can see for miles.  This is a picture of a mountain called Middle Butte on the way in.

Middle Butte
Nuclear Jet Engine

We stopped at EBR-1 (Experimental Breeder Reactor 1), the very first nuclear plant for producing electrical power.  Next to EBR-1 are two nuclear jet engine prototypes.  The idea was to create nuclear-powered airplanes with virtually unlimited endurance, but the project was abandoned as ICBMs came into being.
EBR-1 is in this small, unassuming building.  The reactor was commissioned in 1949 and shutdown in 1964.

EBR-1
EBR-1 turbine generator

The plant is open to visitors.  This view shows the small turbine generator which produced the first ever electricity from nuclear power.  The bright light is from four light bulbs representing the bulbs used in the original test of December 20, 1951.



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